Which of the following is commonly used in root cause analysis?

The Five Whys method is a widely recognized technique used in root cause analysis to uncover the underlying causes of a problem. This approach involves asking "why" repeatedly—usually five times—to move past symptoms and identify the fundamental issue. By probing deeper with each inquiry, this method encourages critical thinking and helps teams drill down to the core of a problem rather than just addressing superficial symptoms.

In practice, the Five Whys is effective because it promotes a structured way to analyze and communicate thoughts about the problem, ensuring that the discussion stays focused on finding solutions rather than getting sidetracked by adjacent issues. This technique can significantly enhance problem-solving efforts in various fields, including manufacturing, healthcare, and service industries.

The other methods mentioned can be useful in different contexts but do not serve as the primary technique for root cause analysis in the same way. Quality Circles and Brainstorming Sessions are collaborative efforts designed to generate ideas and solutions but do not specifically guide you through the process of identifying root causes. The Two Whys is a less established framework and does not provide the same depth of analysis as the Five Whys, making the Five Whys the preferable choice for this type of analysis.