In the context of cognitive impairment, which factor is often considered non-reversible?

When discussing cognitive impairment, the factor often considered non-reversible is a stroke. A stroke can lead to lasting damage in the brain, which can result in significant cognitive deficits, changes in behavior, and functional impairments. While rehabilitation efforts can help some individuals regain certain skills or abilities after a stroke, the underlying neural damage often leads to persistent challenges.

Other factors listed, such as drug-related impairments, environmental factors, and infections, can sometimes be addressed and reversed. For instance, cognitive impairment due to drug use can improve after cessation of substance use, environmental factors like poor nutrition or lack of stimulation can be modified, and infections can often be treated effectively with medication. In contrast, the aftermath of a stroke typically results in more lasting changes, making it a critical focus for both medical and rehabilitative interventions.