Do all body systems and organs undergo some degree of age-related change?

The answer is that all body systems and organs undergo some degree of age-related change because the aging process affects the body in various ways, impacting both the structural and functional aspects of all systems. Aging results in physiological changes that can influence everything from the cardiovascular system to the musculoskeletal system, including elasticity in blood vessels, bone density, muscle mass, and organ function.

For example, the cardiovascular system can experience stiffening of blood vessels, while the musculoskeletal system often sees a decline in muscle mass and bone density. Additionally, the nervous system can have reduced speed of nerve conduction and altered neurotransmitter levels. These changes are not uniform for everyone, as the extent and nature of these changes can vary significantly based on genetics, lifestyle, and overall health, but the inevitability of some degree of change is a universal component of the aging process.

In contrast, the other options imply that aging only affects certain systems, that some systems are immune to changes, or that changes only occur in extreme circumstances, which does not accurately reflect the comprehensive impact that aging has on the human body.